The Roots of Islamic Revolution in Iran - 6710 Words

ROOTS OF IRANIAN REVOLUTION at 1979 Nail KAYAPINAR The objective of this paper is realize the main reasons of the Islamic Revolution in Iran in 1979 and see what is changed by revolution. In 1979, a drastic change has been occurred in Iran. It was a revolution in the true sense of the concept for its lust for justice, liberty and equality. It was also a popular uprising against imperialism of which all revolutions had the same stand. But it has also many novelties not to the theory, but for the Islamic perspectives. First and foremost, it was a breaking point within the Islamic history in general and within the Shi’ite tradition in particular1. To understand and anlyze; todays politic norms ,practical politics of Iran it is so important†¦show more content†¦Untill XVI.century, in other words untill Safevi Dynasty, shi’ism was not a popular denomnation in Iran. After Safevi domination started in Iran shi’ism become national religion of Iran. At first period of XVII. Century the era of Nadir Shah (1736-47) , pover of Shi’ism was reduce. After this period sub group of shi’ism Ahbaris and Usulis started to struggle with each other. Usulis strongly advocated the instution â€Å"mà ¼Ãƒ §tehit† that implement â€Å"ià §tihat† ( indvidual jurisdiction at interpretion religion law or doctirine), altouhgh Ahbaris argue that each muslim must behave according to Quaran and The Imams.2 In the end of this Usulis won the struggle. So this growth of the Usuli ulama was thus reinforced by their ability to perform educational, judicial, and legitimation functions of the Qajar state.3 Usulis accepted not only the legal authory that have right to express opinion about Islamic Law, they also the people whose decisions consider as rules that people have to obey them. Ayetullah Humeyni comes from usuli scholarship also. At XVII. Cntury ulema became effective on most law instution. At IIXX. Century dynasty in Iran in the confilict and struggles among thirty different group for seize authority led to both a large gap in political authority and start bad reletions between ulama and goverment. At this era that there is no political authority ulama took had authority on the local adminstration, legislation,Show MoreRelatedStrange Rebels: 1979 and the Birth of the 21st Century is a monograph written by Christian Caryl, a1200 Words   |  5 PagesStudies at MIT, which attempts to theorize the emergence of using revolutionary twin forces-religion and markets in 1979 and their radical alteration of the international economy in the 21st century. Caryl’s study covers five case studies from the root of 1979 and how strange rebels served as counterrevolutionary protagonist leaders by using old ideas and making them new and rebellious. Deng Xiaoping initiated the reforms that favored a pragmatic economic development in China; Soviet Union invadedRead MoreThe Underground Music Scene Reflect The Socio Political Situation Of Contemporary Iran?1493 Words   |à ‚  6 Pagessocio-political situation of contemporary Iran?’ A review of literature A reoccurring observation made in literature focused on music in contemporary Iran, is the challenge music has faced since the Islamic revolution of 1979 and the subsequent establishment of a theocratic state . Ghazizadeh (2011) argued that music is one of the most controversial issues in Islam and so after the victory of the Islamic revolution, which promised a return back to traditional Islamic norms and values, the position of musicRead MoreIranian Revolution1648 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Iran has always, it seems, been the breeding ground for some kind of political upheaval or another. In recent times, back in 1979, there was a major revolution which was, in some ways, similar to the revolution we are seeing today. The people were angry and they were tired of being controlled by the government that was in power. They had concrete ideals and were incredibly passionate about their revolution. The revolution Iran is experiencing today does not appear to be quite asRead More Iranian Revolution Essay1635 Words   |  7 PagesIranian Revolution Introduction Iran has always, it seems, been the breeding ground for some kind of political upheaval or another. In recent times, back in 1979, there was a major revolution which was, in some ways, similar to the revolution we are seeing today. The people were angry and they were tired of being controlled by the government that was in power. They had concrete ideals and were incredibly passionate about their revolution. The revolution Iran is experiencing today does notRead MoreAllotayah Khomeini: The role he played in modern history, and how his rule effectively changed Iran800 Words   |  4 Pagesplayed in modern history, and how his rule effectively changed Iran Allotayah Khomeini (1902-1989) came into power after the Iranian Revolution of 1979 replacing the Shah as the supreme religious leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran and was later named the political and religious leader of Iran for the rest of his life. Khomeini was able to take over due to his strong belief that Iran’s government should be returned to its traditional Islamic ways, returning it to its secular government. In the followingRead MoreU.s. And Iran Relations1452 Words   |  6 PagesU.S. and Iran used to have a great relationship back in the day. President Jimmy Carter even spent New Year s Eve in 1977 with the Shah, and toasted Iran as an island of stability in one of the more troubled areas of the world.(Bakhtavar) This just goes to show how close the two countries were at the time. But all that changed later into the 1970’s when a series of unfortunate events eventually lead to the complete deterioration of US and Iran relations. These events shifted U. S. Iran relationsRead MoreIran And The Iranian Revolution1227 Words   |  5 Pagesoutbreak of the 1979 Iranian Revolution, it was the growing Western influence in Islamic culture that was the main cause for the revolution. The Iranian/Islamic Revolution refers to the events involving the deposing of Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi and pro-American government, and the replacement with an anti-Western authoritarian theocracy under the leader of the revolution, the Grand Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini. The revolution was mainly supported by various leftist Islamic organizations and IranianRead MoreThe Story Of Persepolis By Marjane Satrapi1414 Words   |  6 Pagessociety, the issues associated with the Islamic religion are widely assumed as extreme and very convoluted. The average person has only heard rumors about what exactly the Quran says or how Sharia law is interpreted and implemented. The story of Persepolis sheds light onto some of the inner workings of how Islamic life and Sharia law affected a population and shaped the Islamic Revolution in Iran. This story is staged during a time of extensive change within Iran, Marjane Satrapi documents this occurrenceRead MoreThe Iranian Revolution Of 19791396 Words   |  6 PagesIranian Revolution of 1979 is guaranteed to involve a number of moving parts whose collective impact eventually yields the end result. But with the Iranian Revolution, it can be useful to simplify this more holistic view down to two figures set in a dichotomy of sorts, with each representing the two different states of Iran, Iran pre and post revolution. These two individuals, Mohamed Reza Pahlavi and Ruhollah Khomeini comprised the leadership position of Iran before and after the revolution, and dueRead MoreThe Iranian Political Dynamic1468 Words   |  6 Pagescountries such as the Islamic Republic of Iran have evolved into industrialized economies with religion at the heart of their growth . It has, therefore, become a point of studies on religious fundamentalism. The Iranian revolution of 1978 to 1980 changed Iran’s political system. The Iranian political system is based on an agglomeration of politics and religion. The head of this unique political system is the supreme religious leader: the Ayatollah. Notably, the Shite clergy rule over Iran and as such, it

Captivity Narratives - Our Nig and Restauration of Mrs....

Captivity Narratives - Our Nig and Restauration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson Our Nig; or Sketches from the life of a Free Black and A Narrative of the Captivity and Restauration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson Harriet Wilson’s and Mary Rowlandson’s captivity narratives have three things in common. First, they have a theme of sustaining faith in God throughout their trials. Secondly, they portray their captors as savages. Finally, they all demonstrate the isolation felt by the prisoner. Our Nig: or, Sketches from the Life of a Free Black by Harriet Wilson is the story of a Northern girl, born into an interracial family and later abandoned by her parents, forcing her to become the servant of the Bellmont Household. After Mary, Mrs.†¦show more content†¦While being held by the Narragansett Indians, Rowlandson is isolated by her language. Unable to understand the language of those around her, Rowlandson is left unable to speak. She was also separated from her sister. After deciding that Mary’s sister could see her, her sister’ s master changed his mind and refused to let the visit between Mary and her sister take place. Mary’s sister â€Å"was come within a Mile or two of the place; Then he overtook her, and began to rant as if he had been mad; and made her go back again in the Rain; So that I never saw her till I saw her in Charlestown.† (Rowlandson, 358). Common themes and images connect both of these captivity narratives. Beginning with Rowlandson’s story, captivity narratives have â€Å"figured prominently in the discourse of national rights and of God’s challenges to the nation.† (Heath Anthology, 340). Rowlandson’s narrative fueled the idea of the savage nature of the Native Americans, while Wilson’s novel exposed the savage treatment of â€Å"free† blacks in the North prior to the civil war. Works Cited American Authors. http://www.gonzaga.edu/faculty/campbell/enl311/aufram.html (October 28, 1999). Harriss, Sharon M. â€Å"Introduction to Mary Rowlandson.† The Heath Anthology of American Literature. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1988. Lauter, Paul, Ed. 340-342. Rowlandson, Mary. â€Å"A Narrative of the Captivity and Restauration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson. The

Children in Mixed Martial Arts Essay Example For Students

Children in Mixed Martial Arts Essay Most children are introduced to a variety of activities during their childhood, With youth sports being the most commonly participated activity. Parents sign their children up for youth sports in order for their children to stay physically active and meet Other kids Of their own age. However, not all activities are considered suitable by society for children to engage in. Understandably, most parents prohibit their children from participating in activities that would expose them to unnecessary amounts of danger and violence. However, those children are also prohibited from participating in activities that are wrongfully associated with danger and aggression due to the activitys poor reputation. A prime example is Mixed Martial Arts (MA), which most people view as a sport filled with injuries, violence, and aggression. However, studies show that MA can be sate, assist in character development, and improve the academic performance of its youth practitioners. Parents should give their children the opportunity to compete in MA because of the variety of benefits associated with MA. The iris misconception held by society is that MA is a barbaric and unsafe sport, Mas violent reputation is the product of early marketing strategies for MA events, which were advertised as trial, no-holds-barred tournaments with no time limits, no weight classes, and few rules (Blessed, teal. 136). Advertisements filled with blood and gore led the public to perceive MA as *human cook fighting, which is a first impression that MA has been unable to shake off (Blessed, et al. 136). MA has added several rules and regulations since its introduction in 1993 such as weight classes, round systems, and mandatory loves (Blessed, et al. 139). The new rules and regulations enforced in MA have resulted in a much safer environment for Mixed Martial Artists to compete in (Blessed, et al. 139). Safety regulations in MA hue taken place both during competition and during practice. During competition, Mixed Martial Artists are required to wear mandatory gloves and fight in specific weight classes with a timed round system just like boxing and other combat sports (Blessed, et al. 139). MA also utilizes the tap-out rule, which allows either athlete to end the contest if they feel that they are in danger via a physical or verbal tap (Blessed, et l. 139). The tap-out is the second most common method of ending a bout, which greatly reduces the number of injuries suffered by Mixed Martial Artists since they are able to end a match before they suffer an injury (Blessed, et al 140). Referees and ringside Physicians are also present during each MA match in order to to tether ensure the safety tot Mixed Martial Artists (Blessed, et al. 139). During competition, both the referee and the ringside Physician have the authority to stop a match at any time in order to protect the competitors from unnecessary harm (Blessed, et al_ 139). Several additional safety precautions are taken in order to protect Martial Artists during training because most of a Martial Artists time is spent in practice. Gloves, body padding, mouth guards, and headgear are a few types of equipment utilized by Mixed Martial Artists in order to protect themselves during training (Woodward 42). Many MA schools also limit the amount of sparring that its practitioners are allowed to take part in, especially beginning Martial Artists With limited experience (Woodward 42). The results of the measures taken to protect Mixed Martial Artists from harm re so effective that even doctors have acknowledged how much safer MA has become. Trauma surgeons at Canadas busiest trauma center, Foothills Medical Center, claim that they have yet to admit an MA combatant (Ball and Dixon 2). The doctors believe that based on injury rates, MA is a safer activity than other sports that are accepted by society like Little League Baseball (Ball and Dixon 1). For example, the Consumer Product Safety Committee reports that Little League Baseball contributed to the deaths of thirty-five children from 1983 to 1993, while MA has not resulted in any deaths since its beginning in 1993 (Pasternak. T al. 47; Blessed, et al. 140). Although MA has not contributed to the death of a competitor, normal MA rules present too large of an injury risk for MA to be considered a sate sport for children, Even though safety is a priority, full-contact professional Mixed Martial Artists still receive concussions in three percent of their matches (Ball and Dixon II)_ Also, over twenty-five percent of professional MA bouts are stopped due to impact to the h ead, which is the site of over two-thirds of injuries suffered by Mixed Martial Artists (Ball and Dixon E; Blessed, et al. 71 Since concussions and damaging blows to the head are too dangerous to be associated with a youth sport, modifications must be made to the rules of youth MA in order to ensure the safety of children and adolescents who wish to become Mixed Martial Artists. MA instructors like Bunny Hucksterism have made their own adaptations to MA training in order to allow children to participate in MA classes Without the risk involved With normal MA. Genetic Engineering Essay IntroductionMartial Artists do not depend on other people during competition, With no one else to rely on but themselves, Martial Artists learn to how to respond to countless situations; overcoming obstacles and solving problems in order to succeed in their competitions (Moorland 30). Children participating in MA also show an increased sense of accomplishment and self-esteem because they know that each victory is attributed to their own hard work during training (Moorland The third misconception held by society is that MA will dull a childs brain with mindless violence. A common goal shared by parents is for their children to reform well in school so that they can go on to succeed in life. MA is perceived by most parents as a street-fight between muscular delinquents to see Who can land the first lucky knock-out punch. On the contrary, MA competitions are more like a physical chess match because Mixed Martial Artists are constantly thinking quickly and adapting to different situations in order to overcome their opponent (Moorland 30). Children who participate in MA perform better in school because of attributes that they acquire through MA training like an increase in motivation, ability to focus, and ability to solve problems. Children must possess the will to do well in school before they can achieve good grades. Without the ambition to perform well in school, even a child gifted with intellect could fail to realize their potential. According to research performed by the professors in the Department tot Psychology at the University of Stretchable, children who are involved in daily physical activity hold an improved attitude towards school (Moorland 22). The students who showed a better attitude towards school performed better academically than students who were not involved in daily physical activity (Moorland 22). An article in the Wisconsin Medical Journal acknowledges that MA is an enjoyable alternative to traditional exercise that can help increase aerobic capacity, balance, strength, body fat percentages, and flexibility (Woodward 40). However, MA training is more effective in motivating students to do their best in school than other physical activities because MA inspires children to become the greatest student that they can be (Moorland 79). In order for children to succeed in the classroom, they must be able to focus on what their teacher is teaching the class. The ability to focus is crucial too Martial Artist, Which is Why the goal Of MA training is to teach Martial Artists to focus more proficiently. Children participating in Martial Arts programs show an increased ability to focus due to the physical and mental effects of MA training. In a psychological dissertation written by Hoofers universitys Matthew Moorland, Moorland stated that the physical exercise involved in Martial Arts training increases blood flow and signals nerve receptors in the blood vessels, muscles, and joints (Moorland 25). This reaction is identical to the effects that the focus dedication Concerto has on the body (Moorland 26), MA training provides children with the opportunity to become physically able to focus in school without having to rely on medication like Concerto, Maraud also claims that the mental training associated with Martial Arts helps children toots their thoughts and attention through repetitive exercises, which help calm and organize the childs mind (Moorland 31). A study at Ohio State University revealed that students show a reduction in inattentive and inappropriate classroom behavior and on-task behavior (Moorland 13). MA training teaches Martial Artists to focus effectively by ignoring distractions and focusing on what they are trying to accomplish (Moorland 31). Once children absorb the information from their teacher, they must be able to apply the knowledge that they have learned to glasswork and tests. Even though a child may understand the information taught to them in class, students must be able to effectively solve problems and think on their feet in order to perform well on tests. During MA training children participate in exercises that allow them to develop problem solving strategies and help them adapt to obstacles Moorland 30). The intuitive thinking skills that are developed through MA training allow children to think outside-of-the-box. Children can use this type of intuitive thinking to overcome difficult problems that present themselves during a test in school or at any other point in their life.

Intrinsic Tendency for Physical Condition- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theIntrinsic Tendency for Physical Condition. Answer: Introduction: Since the mind and the body are inextricably linked, each time one has a feeling and thought, one set off a pour of cellular reaction in our worried system which influences all kinds of the molecules in our corpse. Our cells are continuously observing our judgment and these are being distorted by them. The association between the body and the mind is very complex, and from time to time things happen at a corporeal stage for which one doesn't have a reasonable elucidation (Olsen, 2011). An intrinsic tendency for physical condition or imbalance and in a number of cases, hereditary inheritance is the main factor fundamental a poor health. At the similar occasion, one has the astonishing potential to restore The mind and health help the change ourselves all the way through our thoughts, perception, and choice. The body is a wonderful system of intelligence, competent for an additional discipline of wellness (Olsen, 2011). The mind and body wellness construct the thoughtful beliefs in every person; they are able to be used to recognize particulars for self-knowledge, self-awareness, self-transformation, self-care and self-healing. The mind-body inside also has an association with strength and no one is really unaccompanied (Olsen, 2011). Mystical and Mindful mind-body-spirit connect each human being from oneness to completeness. Each human being is complete when their strength is united inside their corpse into personification (Olsen, 2011). Mind body Wellness The physical condition of workers can aid or grasp back a corporation; today there are elevated strain jobs, demanding schedules, rush hour traffic. Being well and healthy is the way to overcometomorrow (Olsen, 2011). The individuals in the labour force, are depended on to go after from side to side with work commitment. A good employee is talented to do additional and feel well sufficient to take pleasure in it (DeVries, 2008). The struggle of an employee to do their best, but how one can do when one is near to the ground confidence in the the workplace. Healthy workers impact the corporation, from the solitary proprietorship to the great corporation. The observance of the health-care low expenses, plummeting the absent speed is somewhat to which companies should be conscious (DeVries, 2008). When a little trade is trying to turn into larger, having workers who are strong and strain free is significant. Losing an associate of and by now little group due to organism ill is not the method to be winning (DeVries, 2008). Working surroundings should be pleasurable and prolific, in spite of of where you are employed. With the physical condition care expenses going superior there is no question we have a low down attendance velocity (DeVries, 2008). Many hang around to the last miniature to make your mind up to see a doctor about their check-up issue, plus all of that might be banned. There are consequently a lot of areas that require being addressed when it comes to what is deciding to slow down employees for the companies (Rybarczyk et al., 1999). As per the estimates in the year 1991 by Dr. Jaime Claudio, a business wellness expert for Health Plus, a supplier of healthcare indemnity, a broad consumption consciousness and weight- management schedule or the program intended to get better long-term behaviour could create an 80% lessening in the frequency of possible trouble caused by fatness in the place of work (Clarke, 2010). These troubles include diabetes, hypertension, work efficiency and coronary heart disease. Fatness is not the only consumption disorder which is a trouble, there are anorex ia and bulimia (Rybarczyk et al., 1999). Drinking, Smoking, stress and substance abuse are that which are also brought into a position of work and discontinue efficiency of the everyday jobs at hand. The individuals are required to be aware of concerns which are there, but are not a consideration of as an illness (Clarke, 2010). There are persons anguish from household abuse, despair and sleep disorder, etc. With all suck kinds of areas and conditions, the company has a great deal to be anxious about. Every difficulty affects income and output. As companies thrash about to bridle the health worry costs, most fail to notice what may be a problem as big as $150 billion difficulties: the almost invisible drain on employee output caused by such ordinary ailment as hay fervour, heartburn and even headaches. We are inclined to get up plus just go to a job and attempt to labour through a stifling nose or a migraine (Clarke, 2010). The organisation attempt to overlook our problems and discomforts. Researchers articulate that presenters-the difficulty of the workers being on the occupation but, as of sickness or other check-up conditions, not completely functioning-- can slash human being output by one-third or extra (Clarke, 2010). Companies believe that when somebody calls to utter he or she cannot approach in as they are unwell is going to harm the company, but the reality is approaching to work ill is going to harm more. The person can at times spread the illness among other staff as well; shall be unwell and spread the symptoms to other workers that shall make the whole atmosphere unhealthy of r working. In such circumstances, one should opt to stay at home, take proper doctors consultancy and go for a good treatment which shall make him/her fit for the job in the coming days and then peruse. A person who is ill shall not at all be able to perform well and on the other hand, shall commit mistakes which shall enhance the job or the task rather reducing or add up anything to it (Rybarczyk et al., 1999). Such kinds of leaves are for the ultimate profit of the company and shall be permitted at times. On the other hand, if participant learns to centre on the interior sensations of the corpse as it performs any association, then they are, in spirit, performing a mind-body work out. By implement of the wellness programs thoughts, the company is creating consciousness amongst its employees or its resources on how significant it is to have a high-quality physical condition in provisions of body and mind. A fit mind can labour with full attentiveness delivering high-quality excellence of work (Rybarczyk et al., 1999). A good body can maintain well in pressure full atmosphere, not upsetting their productivity and conclusion. Holistic habit and trauma conduct is an approach which is based upon the information that needs the continue revival and happen when the persons and religious health are addressed. The corpse, mind, spirit, and character are connected and illness upsetting one of this area must influence the other part of the human being (George, 2010).Holistic compulsion and trauma handling are calculated to lecture to the root reason of the addiction, hold up total curative, and restore equilibrium to a persons complete being. A member of staff wants to have a fit work and individual life. Wellness agenda offer consciousness to the possessions, making them appreciate what they be able to do or be supposed to do to make certain that they are in high-quality state of intelligence and body. A fit company will for all time have monetary gains as the workers are devoted to making certain that they provide their best (George, 2010). A corporation with physical condition benefits and instructive sessions is for all time on main concern while looking for labour as it can assist its resources to come back home contented when they go away from work. Number of employers have recognised the wider possible profit of investing in fitness/wellness and have used it to endorse the attainment of other significant company aims and objectives. Invest in wellness can show the way to;civilizing employee appointment and building human being resilience (Drolet and McLennan, 2016). Intensification of the employer value proposal to magnetize and retain the best aptitude. Reducing safety risk through behavioural change solutions. Ornamental the worth and sustainability of the organisations the majority of the critical resource populace and representing this to stakeholders (Mohammed, 2016). Make sure to achieving the organisations wider reason and civilizing the lives of citizens;structure the organisations standing and brand. As output remains a centre concern for the majority organisations, the command for the sustainable worker wellness initiative has shifted from a merely HR determined strategy to a commercial imperative (Mohammed, 2016). W ith South Africas rising disease, weight, companies are preliminary to feel the weight to play an additional lively role in worker wellness. Company Yoga joined with watchful meditation, is the rehearsal of judgment, peace of body and mind in the frantic work surroundings. Evidence suggests that meditation and yoga both reduce anxiety and stress and increase the immune scheme, reducing provocative responses linked with a lot of stress-related ailment including diabetes, ulcer, and cardiovascular disorders (Mohammed, 2016). Pilates and Yoga are the champions of company fitness programs as not only do they fight the touching malaise that marks from organism hackneyed, but they also add to overall contentment, flexibility, and strength. These practices are also effectual in rehabilitating and targeting specific work-related wound (Mohammed, 2016). The payback of such programs is clearly reflected together in the optimistic experience of the workers and in the achievement of the company. Augmented employee output and competence; reduction in worker sick days; reduced check-up and disability expenses; add to in cooperation and positive communication; enhanced worker morale; a reduction in absence. This also helps in the spirited edge in hiring (Mohammed, 2016). Wellness workshops can offer a broad assortment of helpful health teaching topic in an engaging and interactive format. The experts related to the wellness instruct the workers on the issue and through the touching therapy bring changes in the general health and produces an optimistic behaviour that modifies and drives the fitness initiatives inside the association (Mohammed, 2016). Hosting wellness intensive course for your worker's shows which one cares about their physical condition and well-being, that leads to enhanced morale and better preservation charge. A comprehensive and complete state of acute relaxation is well achieved at the time of flotation therapy that yield a huge host of cognitive results and benefits, these also include the improvements in all kinds of memory and learning; it also ends up leaving a person feeling refreshed, sharp and most importantly, very well prepared to take care and handle the woes of each day stress (Mohammed, 2016). For the enhancement of the working output from the workers, all kind of therapies play a vital role, these make the employee tension free an act as boosting factor for hem to perform even better. The flotation therapy can just be called as the mere tool that is required to improve the outcome and miraculous results (Verne, 2014). The therapy usage has clearly shown the result which has outstanding as these sessions show a positive effect upon the staff capacity to work, problem-solving etc. The mood of the workers also gets changed and turn positive when they are given time to relax and participate in some kinds of activities which are far different from the routine tasks, these help the workers get the energy that can be utilized to bring about excellent results. It is also considered as a big mind changer and energy boosters. So many of the studies have revealed that in many countries a break and input of the therapies has resulted in extraordinary results (Buford, 2012). A study that has been conducted way back in the country of China, for example, has clearly revealed important and improved results in the subjects mood of the worker state, the per employee outcome has significantly improved (Warren, Thakur and Cao, 2014). When a break is given to the employees out from their routine, they feel appreciated and also feel that their employee cares from them, thematic helps the employers to retain them for long and also the employees work with zeal and enthusiasm (Buford, 2012). With fresh mind and body, they perform more which is for the benefit of the company as a whole. The fresh mind is always free of the stress and lessen the burden which results the employees of an organisation to be more productive, the workers are happy and they feel pressured into performing their jobs, they enjoy their job work and are more satisfied ones. On the other hand if in case the workers with the burden mind and weak health will not perform the responsibilities in a better way and will fell over pressured (Buford, 2012). They shall become machines and dump, this will not help anyone and shall be a lose situation for all. They shall also not be able to be happy when they go home, thus their both personal life, as well as professional life, shall get disturbed, and shall not enjoy their salary payouts as well. The employees are like children, who perform well if they are treated with love and affection, and in case they are overburdened, they tend to loose the focus and are not able to do good (Buford, 2012). Each and every company is dependent on the performance of their employee's performance and way of working, as they work with proper attention, tend more output from the efforts and in case of not well mind and body the organisation profits also do get declined and the wrkers related to the educational institution donot perform theri duties well which inturn create a great loss for individuals gaining knowledge at such institutions. The institutions are to be very carefully regarding the mind and body wellness factor and follow such yoga and laughter elements related to the wellness which keep the employees happy and also make appropriate arrangements that they are happy and their mood is kept good (Verne, 2014). Compairing the companies where the employees are unsatisfied, the firms where they are happy to end up completing all of their aims and motives refer the completion of targets. Thus, there is small but many significant things which are to be a must to keep the mind and the body of the employees healthy for becoming innovative and performing the duties in a better way. The companies are regularly taking appropriate efforts and also organise some kinds of seminars which help the employees shed away their tensions and junkness (Verne, 2014). These seminars are organised at places which are totally away from the hectic routine corridors and are a kind of get together as well and these seminars provide a good time for these employees to get fresh and also discuss in th open forum their likings, disliking and situations or works they are interested in doing. So when the employees spend 2-3 in such sessions they are again energized to work even harder and feel amused (Verne, 2014). Conclusion: Hence, the smooth functioning of the organisation depend upon the wellbeing of the employees working in an organisation . and the elements such as Yoga, touchtherapy, physical fitness classes and the other health programmes results the employee in a better health and turns them to be more productive. The organisation or the institutions do realise and find out the positive response and the efforts which the employees make after attending the seminars and they continuously thereafter organise such get together and sessions (Verne, 2014). So we conclude that apart from the hard work which the workers do each day, they require some time to get refreshed which, when provided shall bring about such bright colours which the company might have never dreamt of, and they continue to keep such activities happen at regular interval of time and ask employees for any kind chang or additions which they prefer to add up in the next similar seminars (Warren, Thakur and Cao, 2014). References Buford, U. (2012). Radiant WellnessA Holistic Guide for Optimal Body, Mind, and Spirit.Addictive Disorders Their Treatment, 11(1), p.50. Clarke, A. (2010). Wellness and Tourism: Mind, Body, Spirit.Annals of Tourism Research, 37(1), pp.276-278. DeVries, G. (2008). The Top 10 Wellness Trends for 2008 and Beyond.Compensation Benefits Review, 40(4), pp.60-64. Drolet, J. and McLennan, C. (2016). Wellness and Relational Self-care in Social Work Field Education.The International Journal of Health, Wellness, and Society, 6(4), pp.9-21. George, B. (2010). Book Review: Wellness and Tourism: Mind, Body, Spirit, Place by R. Bushell and P.J. Sheldon.International Journal of Tourism Policy, 3(2), p.175. Mohammed, Z. (2016). Impact of Body Composition on Optimal Competitive Body and its Consequences on Athletic Performance in Healthy Young.International Journal of Women's Health and Wellness, 2(4). Olsen, D. (2011). Wellness and Tourism: Mind, Body, Spirit, Place.Tourism Management, 32(2), p.462. Rybarczyk, B., DeMarco, G., DeLaCruz, M. and Lapidos, S. (1999). Comparing MindBody Wellness Interventions for Older Adults with Chronic Illness: Classroom versus Home Instruction.Behavioral Medicine, 24(4), pp.181-190. Verne, J. (2014). Financial Wellness Programs to Reduce Employee Stress.Compensation Benefits Review, 46(5-6), pp.304-308. Warren, S., Thakur, A. and Cao, W. (2014). Designing for Physical, Psychological, and Spiritual Wellness.The International Journal of Health, Wellness, and Society, 3(4), pp.79-91.

To what extent does the Dogme 95 movement challenge the conventional aesthetics of film narrative Essay Example

To what extent does the Dogme 95 movement challenge the conventional aesthetics of film narrative Paper The earlier part of the 20th Century was, according to Widding (1998), the Golden Age of Danish Cinema. It was to be a short lived success and from then on Danish Cinema remained a marginal film country and saw a slow transition into modern film. In the later part of the 20th Century, during the 1970s and 1980s, it was youth films that were the most important part of film production. During the 1980s however, there were growing numbers of film companies and several art film-orientated directors became seriously established, achieving International status. One of these directors was Lars von Trier, and it is von Trier who is associated with the emergence of Dogme in the mid-1990s. Dogme was conceived in 1995 principally by Lars von Trier and with the assistance of Thomas Vinterberg. In the late 1980s, von Trier had grown tired of the production of films. The current waves of films i. e. French New Wave, German New Wave etc, von Trier claimed, had become washed over. America, he claimed, was apolitical, apathetic and counter-revolutionary, it preserved and maintained the status quo and Hollywood productions were laden with special effects. Therefore it was von Triers intent to create a New Wave of film, to experiment and attempt to create a new fruitful period for film (Stevenson, 2002). For this new wave of filmmaking, von Trier and Vinterberg created a manifesto, a set of aesthetic rules that filmmakers must abide by in order to produce a Dogme film. These rules were conceived in order to bring purity back to a medium that had been corrupted by money, creative dishonesty and laziness (ibid. , 2002:104). We will write a custom essay sample on To what extent does the Dogme 95 movement challenge the conventional aesthetics of film narrative specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on To what extent does the Dogme 95 movement challenge the conventional aesthetics of film narrative specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on To what extent does the Dogme 95 movement challenge the conventional aesthetics of film narrative specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The Dogme declaration was conceived and signed by both von Trier and Vinterberg and contained ten strict vows of chastity that outlined the technical specifics which a director must adhere to for their film to qualify as a Dogme certified production. The technical specifics are as follows: 1 Shooting must be done on location. Props and sets must not be brought. 2 The sound must never be produced apart from the images or vice versa. 3 The camera must be hand-held. Any movement or immobility attainable in the hand is permitted. 4 The film must be in colour. Special lighting is not acceptable. 5 Optical work and filters are forbidden. 6 The film must not contain superficial action. 7 Temporal and geographical alienation are forbidden. 8 Genre movies are not acceptable. 9 The film format must be Academy 35 mm. 10 The director must not be credited. (Adapted from Dogme95, 2007) On completion of a film, a request is submitted to certify the film as a Dogme production. In this, the claimant must agree that the films production adheres to the vows of chastity. There are currently around 190 Dogme films listed on the official Dogme95 website. The first Dogme film production was Festen (The Celebration), a Danish film directed by Thomas Vinterberg on a budget of approximately i 650,000 (Internet Movie Database (IMDb), 2007). Festens storyline is based around the 60th birthday celebration of a familys patriarch, Helge Klingenfeldt, in which following the disclosure of alleged child buse from Helges son, Christian, is witnessed by family members and guests and the celebration becomes a weekend of revelations and events that no guest will ever forget. The second film this essay will address is the fifth installment of Danish Dogme films, Italian For Beginners, written and directed by Lone Scherfig. Italian For Beginners, which remains the highest grossing Danish language film largely due to its success in the United States (Stevenson, 2002; IMDb, 2007), follows the inter-twining paths of six main characters. In the film, a young minister, a widower, is temporarily assigned to a church whose suspended pastor drove parishioners away; he stays at a hotel where he meets Ji rgen, whos and alone approaching middle age. Ji rgens friend Halfinn, a temperamental restaurant manager, is about to be fired. Halfinns assistant is Giulia, a lovely young Italian who prays for a husband. Olympia, a clumsy bakery clerk, has an ornery father and Karen, a hairdresser, has a mother who is very ill. The paths of these six characters cross at church, in the restaurant, at the hotel, and at a local school which they begin to attend Italian evening classes. It is the contention of both Festen and Italian For Beginners to adhere to the technical guidelines which the vows of chastity outline. To a large extent both films are successful in achieving a plausible attempt at this in alluding to the wishes of von Trier to create a film which does not have the stereotypical glossy feel of a Hollywood blockbuster and taking filmmaking back to basics. Addressing these technical specifics separately, both films, which do not credit their directors, follow the rule of shooting on location and using props which would normally be found in such a setting. Festen takes place inside a large country house and its grounds in rural Denmark. As such, the onscreen action is divided between scenes which occur in the bedrooms, bathrooms, the kitchen, a large dining room and the extended exterior grounds of the house. Italian For Beginners for the large part takes place in a small Danish town in suburban Copenhagen, with a smaller segment towards the end of the film shot on location in Venice. The film makes excellent functional use of the town it is filmed in by using the main characters places of work as filming locations alongside their homes and local amenities such as local cafes, the hospital where Karens mother is an inpatient and the school lecture theatre where the main characters congregate on a weekly basis for the Italian classes. This allows for a range of props to be used which would be naturally located in these settings and largely applies to Italian For Beginners as it employs the use of multiple different locations. As Festen is filmed in fewer locations the use of props occurs to a lesser extent, however, the minor touches to a film which are achieved through the use of props is countered by the use of other technical considerations such as lighting, choice of camera shots, music and also through the use of dialogue and the proxemics of the onscreen action. The sound that features in these two films is both natural and diagetic and the music which characterises specific scenes in each film is complimentary to the storyline or the onscreen action. Italian For Beginners features music during the various religious services at the church where Andreas is the Pastor, in the Venetian restaurant where the main characters enjoy a romantic Italian meal at the end of the film and during a somber moment at the hospital where Karen is visiting her mother from an adjacent music room. Festen contains fewer incidences of music. Despite the collective, drunken, singing outbursts of the party guests, the only scene which features explicit music comes after the dinner party when some sleepless, drunk family members, guests and servants gather around the piano to dance in the early hours of the morning. This is integral to the narrative as their drunkenness symbolically marks the deterioration of the Klingenfeldt family at this particular point in the film. The camera work throughout each film uses the Academy 35mm format, neglects the use of both optical work and filters and relies on natural lighting to accompany each shot. Both films are shot in colour and feature the use of hand-held camera work in alignment with the vows of chastity, characterised by the often shaky camera movements particularly when the camera tracks characters movements or switches between shots of characters in a single scene. Furthermore, the films take place without temporal and geographical alienation, however, during the closing scenes of Italian For Beginners the characters stray away from the small Danish town which their previous interactions have taken place in and relocate to Venice to conclude their story. Despite this geographical shift, the same temporal settings apply to the action and the change in location is very much integral to the storyline as is it provides the opportunity for the culmination of the main characters dreams and desires. Festen works in an opposite way to bring together family members and guests from different parts of Denmark and Europe to descend on one specific location in the Danish countryside. Though the action takes place within many different rooms and in the exterior grounds of the house in which the story is set, the action never moves from these grounds and the equilibrium of the story is destabilized and restored within less than a 24-hour time frame. Superficial action, in terms of murders and the use of weapons, is not a part of either film, though it could be contested that superficial action to some extent is portrayed as both films contain violent outbursts of fighting and aggression. During Festen, Michael, along with some other guests, are instructed by Helge to remove Christian from the house, a task which they respond to with force and results in a fight between Christian and Michael outside in the woods. Michael is also featured in other scenes displaying aggression towards his wife (Mette) and subsequent to Helges confirmation that he did abuse Christian and his sister as children; Michael drags Helge from his bedroom in the middle of the night and begins to assault him in the garden. Aggressive outbursts similarly occur in Italian For Beginners, however, to a lesser extent than in Festen. Halfinn is a hostile character by nature and although there are no overt physical assaults in Italian For Beginners, there are several aggressive outbursts by Halfinn with Olympia in the bakers shop when he is refused rum truffles, with the hotel manager when he is fired from his restaurant job and with two patrons of the restaurant who wont remove their feet from a table. Where the two films fall short of meeting all of the criteria for a Dogme film, is with the assignment of genre. The Dogme manifesto states that to qualify as a Dogme film that genre movies are not acceptable (Dogme95, 2007), but this presents itself as a problematic area. Italian For Beginners is chiefly characterised as a romantic comedy and Festen could be labelled as a family drama or a black comedy, thus breaking the fundamental Dogme rule of no assigned genre. This area becomes problematic because in all forms of art, particularly those including the spoken word and action, there are conventions that exist which characterise texts and films and it would be near impossible to create a film that could not be assigned a genre. Marshall and Werndly (2002:114) define genre as a type of text which includes particular and recognizable characteristics that exist within a text that relate it to other texts. Some forms of genre identified by Myers (1994:210) include; a murder mystery, a riddle, a sonnet, a collections letter, or a demonstration advertisement. Furthermore, it is a specific text type which is characterized primarily by the kind of relationship it sets up between its users and certain textual properties which is important to create a relational value between the audience and the text. Moreover, genre is a highly important factor with the marketing of a film. The balance of romance and comedy in Italian For Beginners is perhaps the main component of the film that contributed to its imminent success across the continents as it provides a relational value. Festen was also successful at several International film festivals, chiefly because it was the much anticipated first Dogme production, but it could be argued that part of its success is because it too has a relational value with the audience. Its popularity may have spread because of the elements of production that gave it a genre for filmgoers to relate to, be entertained by and to be interested in. As previously stated, it was the initial contention of the brotherhood to take filmmaking back to basics and remove the Hollywood gloss in a new wave of film production. Adams (2001:1) notes that: The film business, they (von Trier and Vinterberg) concluded, had become overly dependent on special effects, fancy camerawork, and other techniques of production. Rather than being built on the bedrock foundations of drama actors playing real human beings in a story movies were becoming more and more dependent on gratuitous action, special lighting, impressive sets, optical effects, audio engineering, and all the other gee-whiz paraphernalia of showbiz. The vital essence of film, dramatic narrative, was in danger of being submerged in glitz. And as if this werent enough, they also concluded that the cult of personality surrounding the film director was detrimental to making good films. Movies are not the work of a single visionary, they argued, and too many directors spend time making artistic statements to gratify their own egos when they should be concentrating on characters and story. Meddings and Thornbury (2000:1) further state that the Dogme brotherhood, most notably von Trier, rejected Hollywood razzmatazz, and saw itself as a rescue action, attempting to restore to cinema the inner story of its characters and to rehabilitate, for the makers of films, their original joy in film-making. This would be largely achieved through dialogue and an intense focus on the characters and an attempt to reclaim reality by a wholesale purge of their aesthetic means (Matthews, 1999). Naturally, for what is essentially lost by rejecting the special effects, fancy camerawork and removing the Hollywood gloss from production, somewhere along the line must be compensated for in order to keep Dogme films visually interesting, but yet still working within the boundaries of the vows of chastity. In both Festen and Italian For Beginners, this is achieved by two different interpretations of working within the vows of chastity, particularly the rules concerned with camera work, sound, locations and lighting. Beginning with Festen, once the siblings have arrived at the country house and are preparing for dinner there are increasingly rapid cuts between three different scenes which include separate storylines for Christian, Helene and Michael. Christian and Pia (a chambermaid, friend and past lover of Christians) remain in Christians room discussing the past as Pia prepares to take a bath. Michael and Mette are seen in their bedroom arguing about Mette not packing appropriate shoes for Michael to dress in for dinner, a conversation in which Michael reveals the underlying feelings of his fathers disapproval of him because he did not attend the funeral of his sister (Linda). The absence of correct coloured dinner shoes to match his black suit adds fuel to this argument which eventually results in Michael being physically aggressive towards Mette and the instigation of sex which the viewer deduces is not wholly consensual on Mettes part. Following this Michael is seen showering as Mette prepares herself for dinner. Meanwhile, Helene and Lars (the receptionist) enter Lindas former bedroom which has the furniture covered in white sheets and in which Helene is supposed to reside in over the course of the weekend. As Helene leads Lars into the bathroom, the two begin to play a game of getting warmer, marked by following small drawings on the white walls, which is a familiar game from Helenes childhood. The intense focus on the bath in the bathroom suggests to the viewer that this is where Linda committed suicide only months prior to this gathering. The game ends with Helene locating an apparent suicide note from Linda in a light fixture on the ceiling that she conceals in her handbag without reading and which is later read at dinner. The filming cuts between these three separate scenes in an intense building of suspense and the cuts gradually become faster, cutting at integral parts of the story. The climax of the scene occurs as Pia who has been pictured underwater in the bath (mimicking Lindas possible drowning) as Helene begins to read the suspected suicide note. Helene shouts boo to Lars, Pia rises out of the water gasping for air and Michael yells as he falls in the shower and pulls down shower rail. These three separate cuts occur simultaneously, consuming less than two seconds of screen time. Additionally, using hand-held cameras to track the characters movements and to switch to views of different guests in their rooms, outside and in the dining room provides an interesting detail of this film appearing similar to a home video of a familys celebration. Cameras are also placed in unnatural positions during some scenes; as Helene pushes Lindas apparent suicide note into a pill tube pulled from her purse after locating it, a camera is placed under the bottom of the pill tube to capture the note being pushed into the brown tube. Also, in the same sequence in Lindas bedroom, the camera captures the action of the getting warmer game from above, providing an almost birds eye view of events as the camera is attached to a boom mic. However, this is something which breaks one of the vows of chastity as the camera at the point is not technically being hand-held by the standards of the Dogme manifesto.

Gardens essays

Gardens essays During World War 2, people at home helped win the war as much as any soldier did. A good part of our resources were used to support the national war effort. People at the home front had to do everything they could to help their country. They helped fund the war by purchasing bonds, recycling, conserving raw materials like oil, and rallying behind their troops. All these efforts helped us achieve victory but were not enough on their own. Food needed to be shipped out to troops who were fighting at home and abroad. Many of them may have starved if it weren't for the victory gardens that people planted. These gardens helped feed a nation that was fighting for freedom. If we were going to win the war, we needed lots of food. Government agencies, private foundations, businesses, schools, and seed companies helped spread this message. They used all different forms of propaganda, such as colorful posters and feature articles in magazines and newspapers to get the word out. Also public service booklets helped provide information. These booklets taught the basics of gardening. They covered topics like how to plant, when to plant, how to tend plants, soil health, pest identification, and what to plant. Hearst (Good Housekeeping), International Harvester, Beech-nut packing company, Simon and Schuster (House and Garden Magazine) were the main providers of these booklets. Of course factual information wouldn't be enough to keep people gardening and stick with it. The government came up with messages that were simple, symbolic, and patriotic. They wanted people to make gardening a family and community effort. It became a pastime and national duty, not a chore or burden. The victory gardens were vegetables gardens planted during the war to provide enough food for civilians and troops. These gardens came in every shape and size, from window boxes to community plots. They were planted ...

Competitive Structure and Resources of Southwest Airlines Research Paper

Competitive Structure and Resources of Southwest Airlines - Research Paper Example Even though it is common knowledge that Southwest Airlines has a very large share of the market, there are also as many buyers or air transport travelers as possible, who use the serves of other airlines within the market region where Southwest Airlines operate (Mazzeo, 2009). As far as buyer entry barriers are concerned, there are no buyer entry barriers for patrons of air transportation and this gives a very strong indication as to why Southwest Airlines is operating a perfect competition. Even more, regardless of all the successes that has been seen by the airline in its market segment, there continues to be fierce competition among other key competitors with no competitor having a market share of more than 30% (Prince and Simon, 2009). What this means is that market share is low and there are other substitute products in terms of other forms of transportation that consumer may fall on. Macro and international influences on the firm As an international company, the operations of S outhwest Airlines are greatly affected by a number of macro and international factors, of which the company barely has no authority or control over. Whereas some of these macro and international influences are political, some are economical, whiles others are social. As far as political factors are concerned, it is on record that even though the American and Chinese governments have each tried as much as possible to keep taxes on air transport minimal, factors like homeland security, infrastructure enhancement and environmental protection have led to a situation whereby there are huge sums of taxes imposed on the traveling public (Mazzeo, 2009). These taxes are often translated into higher airline tickets, which generally affect the rate at which people choose to travel by air. The table below represents some of the special commercial aviation taxes that are paid in the United States, where Southwest Airline is very dominant. Type of Tax Rate Passenger ticket tax 7.50% Flight Segmen t Tax (Domestic) $3.8 Frequent Flyer Tax 7.5% International Departure Tax $16.7 International Arrival Tax %16.7 September 11th Fee $2.5 Customs User Fee $5.5 Federal Security Sub-charge $2.5 Passenger Facility Charge $4.5 Source: Airlines for America By provisions of the government, these are taxes that are inevitable to the airline and those influences its pricing, promotions and marketing style all together. The economic recession, which has over the years become unpredictable, and growing inflation problems are some macro economic factors that affect the company. What is more, demographics of travelers happens to be a majority macro social factor that influences Southwest Airlines given that air transport is fast becoming the preserve of the elite and that there has to be more of the higher social class emanating from society to get the market really booming. Changes in market structure Over the years, the market structure with which Southwest Airlines competed in has changed sig nificantly. Most of these changes have actually taken place in terms of the availability of skill, labor and raw materials. For instance, with the advancement of technology, which is dominating almost every type of industrial sector in the global economic regime, the use of highly skilled labor force is no longer an optional choice for the